Exploration of the Moon
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The physical
exploration of the Moon began when
Luna 2, a
space probe launched by the
Soviet Union, made an impact on the surface of the
Moon
on September 14, 1959. Prior to that the only available means of
exploration had been observation from Earth. The invention of the
optical telescope brought about the first leap in the quality of lunar observations.
Galileo Galilei
is generally credited as the first person to use a telescope for
astronomical purposes; having made his own telescope in 1609, the
mountains and craters on the
lunar surface were among his first observations using it.
In 1969,
NASA's
Project Apollo first successfully landed humans on the Moon. They placed scientific instruments there and returned
lunar samples to Earth.